Course 3D_XNA
Chapter C3: Comments to the Drunken Tiger Project
Copyright © by V. Miszalok, last update: 13-01-2010
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Course 3D_XNA
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Recommended for early beginners:
XNA Overview: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/bb200104.aspx
Video Training: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/xna/bb245766.aspx
| namespaces |
using System; //Home of the base class of all classes "System.Object".
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; //Provides commonly needed game classes such as timers and game loops.
See: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.xna.framework.aspx
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; //Contains functions to load a mesh or model from the Content Pipeline and to manage the lifespan of the loaded objects.
See: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.xna.framework.content.aspx
using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; //Contains methods to access the graphics board directly.
See: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.xna.framework.graphics.aspx
| Entry to start public class Game1 : Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game |
//Our Game1 is derived from Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Game which is the base class of XNA.
See: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.xna.framework.game_members.aspx
static class Program { [STAThread] static void Main() { Game1 game = new Game1(); game.Run(); } //Create a single thread instance of Game1 and ask the operating system to start it.
private GraphicsDeviceManager g; //A GraphicsDevice performs rendering, creates resources and creates shaders. The GraphicsDeviceManager handles the configuration and management of the GrahipcsDevice.
See: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.xna.framework.graphicsdevicemanager_members.aspx
private Model model; //A Model contains all parts of a 3D drawing, at least one ModelMesh=set of vertices, one BasicEffect=graphics bord settings and one Bone=dependence level. Models are stored in the Content Pipeline of the game.
See: http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/microsoft.xna.framework.graphics.modelmesh_members.aspx
private BasicEffect effect; //A BasicEffect is a part of Model and is loaded with Model from the content pipeline of the game (file name extension: .fx). It describes the current settings of the graphics board such as Vertex Shader, Pixel Shader and Technique and it requires a set of world, view, and projection matrices, a vertex buffer and a vertex declaration.
See: How To: Use BasicEffect
private float trans = 0,
transIncrement = 0.02f,
zoom = 1,
zoomIncrement = 0.005f,
rotation = 0,
rotationIncrement = 0.01f; //no shift, no zoom and no rotation at start.
| Constructor public Game1() inside public class Game1 |
g = new GraphicsDeviceManager( this ); //Create an instance of GraphicsDeviceManager. See above.
| Event handler protected override void Initialize() inside public class Game1 |
//Obligatory virtual event handler of any XNA Game. See: Game.Initialize Method.
g.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 600; //Allocate output buffer space on the graphics board
g.PreferredBackBufferHeight = 600; //Allocate output buffer space on the graphics board
g.ApplyChanges(); //Applies any changes to device-related properties, changing the graphics device as necessary.
Window.Title = "Tiger Rotation"; //The title of the window.
Window.AllowUserResizing = true; //The user is allowed to change the window size at run time.
base.Initialize(); //Complete initialization of DirectX. Enumerate through any graphics components that have been added to Components and call their Initialize methods. This call is obligatory after the GraphicsDevice is created, but before LoadContent.
| Event handler protected override void LoadContent() inside public class Game1 |
model = content.Load< Model >("Content\\tiger"); //The ContentManager loads both the tiger.x mesh file and tiger_texture.bmp image file from directory C:\temp\TigerRot1\Content.
See: Content Pipeline and ContentManager.Load Generic Method.
effect = (BasicEffect)model.Meshes[0].Effects[0]; //Extract from model "tiger" the first part of the first mesh and write it into the vertex buffer of the graphics board. Since model "tiger" just has one single part in one single mesh this line loads the complete tiger.
effect.View = Matrix.CreateLookAt( new Vector3( 0f, 0f, 4f ), Vector3.Zero, Vector3.Up ); //Overrides the empty values of effect by the following settings:
effect.Projection = Matrix.CreatePerspectiveFieldOfView( MathHelper.Pi/4, 1f, 1f, 1000000f ); //Overrides the empty values of effect by the following settings:
| Render method protected override void Draw( GameTime gameTime ). |
// This function is derived from a virtual function
Here is the right place to set the tiger's World-matrix.
//g.GraphicsDevice.RenderState.FillMode = FillMode.WireFrame; //Experimental code which leaves the triangles empty and shows the tiger's naked wire frame.
g.GraphicsDevice.Clear( Color.DarkBlue ); //Erase any former content.
See: D3DFILLMODE and GraphicsDevice.Clear Method.
if ( trans < -0.8f | trans > 0.8f ) transIncrement *= -1f; // Reverse the shift when the tiger hits the left or the right border.
if ( zoom < 0.1f | zoom > 1.2f ) zoomIncrement *= -1f; // Reverse the zoom when the tiger too small or too big.
trans += transIncrement;
zoom += zoomIncrement;
rotation += rotationIncrement; //These increments keep the tiger moving.
effect.World = Matrix.CreateScale ( zoom ); //See: Matrix.CreateScale Method.
effect.World *= Matrix.CreateRotationX ( rotation ); //See: Matrix.CreateRotationX Method.
effect.World *= Matrix.CreateRotationY ( rotation );
effect.World *= Matrix.CreateRotationZ ( rotation );
effect.World *= Matrix.CreateTranslation( trans, 0, 0 ); //See: Matrix.CreateTranslation Method.
//This statements drive the tiger mad. They replace the former world transform matrix of effect by a combined one which is the result of a matrix multiplication of 5 single matrices. Each of them defines a specific movement. The 3 rotation angles are identical.
model.Meshes[0].Draw(); //Render the tiger and then flip back-buffer to front-buffer to show the scene. See: Model.Meshes Property .
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